Analytic Perspective

Redundant causation from a sufficient cause perspective

Nicolle M Gatto^1,²^* and Ulka B Campbell^1,²

¹ Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA

² Epidemiology, Worldwide Safety Strategy, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY 10017 USA

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Epidemiologic Perspectives & Innovations 2010, 7:5 doi:10.1186/1742-5573-7-5

Published: 2 August 2010

Additional file 1:

Alternative expression of etiologic and excess causal effects.

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