Table 1

Reported risk factor exposure and crude odds ratios for different notifiable enteric diseases (using published aggregate national data for 2006 [19])

Reported exposure to risk factor (RF)*
 Crude odds ratio (OR)**

Yes
 No
 Unknown
 % Reported the RF
 % Unknown
 OR
 95% CI
Overseas travel
Shigellosis
 49
 32
 21
 60.5
 20.6
 23.9
 15.1 – 37.8
Giardiasis
 157
 434
 623
 26.6
 51.3
 5.6
 4.5 – 7.0
Salmonellosis
 184
 770
 381
 19.3
 28.5
 3.7
 3.1 – 4.5
Cryptosporidiosis
 43
 480
 213
 8.2
 28.9
 1.4
 1.0 – 1.9
Yersiniosis
 19
 266
 202
 6.7
 41.5
 1.1
 0.69 – 1.8
Campylobacteriosis
 304
 4734
 10,835
 6.0
 68.3
 1.0 (ref)
Food consumption from a food premise
Shigellosis
 23
 24
 55
 48.9
 53.9
 0.87
 0.49 – 1.5
Salmonellosis
 310
 364
 661
 46.0
 49.5
 0.77
 0.66 – 0.91
Yersiniosis
 72
 136
 279
 34.6
 57.3
 0.48
 0.36 – 0.64
Giardiasis
 100
 270
 844
 27.0
 69.5
 0.34
 0.27 – 0.43
Cryptosporidiosis
 79
 225
 432
 26.0
 58.7
 0.32
 0.24 – 0.42
Campylobacteriosis
 2096
 1903
 11,874
 52.4
 74.8
 1.0 (ref)
Consumption of untreated drinking water
Giardiasis
 168
 293
 753
 36.4
 62.0
 2.9
 2.4 – 3.6
Cryptosporidiosis
 152
 286
 298
 34.7
 40.5
 2.7
 2.2 – 3.3
Salmonellosis
 149
 588
 598
 20.2
 44.8
 1.3
 1.1 – 1.6
Yersiniosis
 47
 187
 253
 20.1
 52.0
 1.3
 0.92 – 1.8
Shigellosis
 6
 39
 57
 13.3
 55.9
 0.78
 0.33 – 1.9
Campylobacteriosis
 679
 3451
 11,743
 16.4
 74.0
 1.0 (ref)
Contact with recreational water
Cryptosporidiosis
 143
 337
 256
 29.8
 34.8
 3.5
 2.8 – 4.4
Giardiasis
 138
 359
 717
 27.8
 59.1
 3.2
 2.6 – 4.0
Shigellosis
 10
 35
 57
 22.2
 55.9
 2.4
 1.2 – 4.8
Salmonellosis
 134
 667
 534
 16.7
 40.0
 1.7
 1.4 – 2.1
Yersiniosis
 29
 222
 236
 11.6
 48.5
 1.1
 0.73 – 1.6
Campylobacteriosis
 474
 3948
 11,451
 10.7
 72.1
 1.0 (ref)
Contact with farm animals
Cryptosporidiosis
 284
 250
 202
 53.2
 27.4
 2.8
 2.4 – 3.4
Yersiniosis
 72
 136
 279
 34.6
 57.3
 1.3
 0.99 – 1.8
Giardiasis
 139
 365
 710
 27.6
 58.5
 0.95
 0.77 – 1.2
Salmonellosis
 217
 643
 475
 25.2
 35.6
 0.84
 0.71 – 0.99
Shigellosis
 2
 43
 57
 4.4
 55.9
 0.12
 0.03 – 0.48
Campylobacteriosis
 1289
 3215
 11,369
 28.6
 71.6
 1.0 (ref)
Contact with sick animals
Cryptosporidiosis
 107
 333
 296
 24.3
 40.2
 7.1
 5.4 – 9.2
Giardiasis
 24
 412
 778
 5.5
 64.1
 1.3
 0.82 – 2.0
Salmonellosis
 37
 747
 551
 4.7
 41.3
 1.1
 0.76 – 1.6
Yersiniosis
 11
 230
 246
 4.6
 50.5
 1.0
 0.56 – 2.0
Shigellosis
 0
 45
 57
 0.0
 55.9
 0.0
 -
Campylobacteriosis
 177
 3884
 11,812
 4.4
 74.4
 1.0 (ref)
Contact with symptomatic people
Giardiasis
 146
 327
 741
 30.9
 61.0
 3.9
 3.2 – 4.9
Cryptosporidiosis
 118
 365
 253
 24.4
 34.4
 2.9
 2.3 – 3.6
Shigellosis
 11
 46
 45
 19.3
 44.1
 2.1
 1.1 – 4.1
Salmonellosis
 107
 705
 523
 13.2
 39.2
 1.3
 1.1 – 1.7
Yersiniosis
 24
 222
 241
 9.8
 49.5
 0.95
 0.61 – 1.5
Campylobacteriosis
 442
 3901
 11,530
 10.2
 72.6
 1.0 (ref)
Contact with confirmed cases (of the same specific disease)
Giardiasis
 108
 414
 692
 20.7
 57.0
 7.3
 5.7 – 9.5
Shigellosis
 8
 49
 45
 14.0
 44.1
 4.6
 2.1 – 9.8
Cryptosporidiosis
 27
 417
 292
 6.1
 39.7
 1.8
 1.2 – 2.8
Salmonellosis
 35
 739
 561
 4.5
 42.0
 1.3
 0.92 – 1.9
Yersiniosis
 1
 201
 285
 0.5
 58.5
 0.14
 0.02 – 1.0
Campylobacteriosis
 185
 5210
 10,478
 3.4
 66.0
 1.0 (ref)
Contact with human faecal matter
Giardiasis
 151
 324
 739
 31.8
 60.9
 3.6
 2.9 – 4.4
Cryptosporidiosis
 151
 343
 242
 30.6
 32.9
 3.4
 2.7 – 4.2
Yersiniosis
 49
 202
 236
 19.5
 48.5
 1.9
 1.3 – 2.6
Salmonellosis
 117
 701
 517
 14.3
 38.7
 1.3
 1.0 – 1.6
Shigellosis
 3
 49
 50
 5.8
 49.0
 0.47
 0.15 – 1.5
Campylobacteriosis
 504
 3850
 11,519
 11.6
 72.6
 1.0 (ref)

Notes:

* For within the incubation period of each particular disease.

** Crude odds ratios not adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity or any other covariates.

Wilson et al. Epidemiologic Perspectives & Innovations 2008 5:6   doi:10.1186/1742-5573-5-6