Table 1

Two-by-two table for study results



Gold Standard





S+
S-

Clinical Test
T+
a = True Positive
b = False Positive

T-
c = False Negative
d = True Negative

Total
a+c
b+d

1.1 sensitivity = P(T+|S+) = Math

1.2 specificity = P(T - |S-) = Math

1.3 Positive Likelihood Ratio = PLR = Math

1.4 Negative Likelihood Ratio = NLR = Math

Error terms for the study population:

α = false positive rate = fpr = Math

β = false negative rate = fnr = Math

Linn and Grunau Epidemiologic Perspectives & Innovations 2006 3:11   doi:10.1186/1742-5573-3-11

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